Artificial Intelligence - B.Tech 7th Semester Exam., 2019

2019•Semester 3•Civil-CA•End Semester
Bihar Engineering University, Patna
B.Tech 7th Semester Exam., 2019

Artificial Intelligence

Time: 03 HoursCode: 051717Full Marks: 70

Instructions:

  1. The marks are indicated in the right-hand margin.
  2. There are NINE questions in this paper.
  3. Attempt FIVE questions in all.
  4. Question No. 1 is compulsory.
Q.1 Answer any seven questions:[14]

  1. What is meant by Turing test?

  2. Mention the criteria for the evaluation of search strategy.

  3. What are the two types of memory bounded heuristic algorithms?

  4. Define satisfiability of a sentence.

  5. Why does uncertainty arise?

  6. What is an atomic event?

  7. What is the need for utility theory in uncertainty?

  8. Write any two differences between traditional computer system programs and expert systems.

  9. What is meant by belief network?

  10. Define meta-knowledge in expert system.

Q.2 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. Discuss the applications area of Artificial Intelligence.

  2. Explain \( AO^* \) algorithm with an example.

Q.3 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. What are the steps to convert first order logic or predicate logic sentence to normal form. Explain each step.

  2. Describe constraint satisfaction problem in detail.

Q.4 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. Consider this knowledge-base (KB) for an instance of the Blocks World problem:
    Query: \( \exists w \text{ above } (w, B)? \)
    KB for Blocks World problem:
    1. on (A, C)
    2. on (D, B)
    3. on (E, D)
    4. on (x, y) \( \Rightarrow \) above (x, y)
    5. on (x, z) \( \land \) above (z, y) \( \Rightarrow \) above (x, y)

    Use backward chaining (with Generalized Modus Ponens rule) to answer the query \( \exists w \text{ above } (w, B) \).

    Question Diagram

  2. Draw the complete AND-OR proof tree showing all the answers to the query.

Q.5 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. Define prior probability and conditional probability. State Bayes's theorem. How is it useful for decision making under uncertainty?

  2. Explain logics for non-monotonic reasoning.

Q.6 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. Write down the difference between Forward reasoning and Backward reasoning.

  2. Discuss the role of Probabilistic reasoning in handling uncertainty.

Q.7 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. What is the meaning of the word 'Heuristics' in the context of search strategies? What conditions on \( A^* \) search is required to guarantee completeness and optimality? Prove admissibility of \( A^* \) search strategy.

  2. Why is MYCIN considered important in the development of expert systems and how did it lead to EMYCIN?

Q.8 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. Explain Expert system shell.

  2. Explain Semantic network with suitable example.

Q.9 Solve both questions :[14]

  1. What are the steps in Natural language processing? List and explain them briefly.

  2. Explain the application of Natural language processing in AI.